Thought experiments don’t come much better than Schrödinger’s rebuttal of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Observation can in some instances change the outcome. But the cat in the box is both alive and dead until the box is opened.
Quantum superposition works as a theory for the very small, but starts to look absurd when applied to large, complex organisms like a cat.
There are some useful videos from the University of Nottingham’s School of Physics and Astronomy:
There seems to be a lot of interest in this thought experiment.
Here are some more:
https://bigthink.com/scotty-hendricks/seven-thought-experiments-thatll-make-you-question-everything